June 24, 2013
Stages of Development Age range Characteristics Task
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Sensorimotor Stage
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Clip art provided by: Microsoft
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0-2 yrs
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Characterized by the
absence of language, infants only see themselves as a focal point.
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A child will reach
and grasp anything within his or her reach, often trying to put objects in
their mouth in an effort to experience it.
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Preoperational Stages
A. Preconceptual
thinking
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Clip art provided by: Fotolia
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A: 2-4 yrs
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The first part of the
preoperational stage finds children identifying objects by similarity.
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A child trying to
name barnyard animals can only identify them as related to similar
objects. (e.g., identifying all ducks,
chickens, and geese as birds).
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B. Period of
intuitive thought
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Clip art provided by: Microsoft
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B: 4-7 yrs
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During this part of
the preoperational stage, problem solving is more intuitive than logical.
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Judging mass and
volume is merely based on a visual observation; however, a child trying to
fill cereal bowls equally may have difficulty if the sizes of the bowls vary.
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Concrete Operational Stage
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Clip art proved by: Fotolia
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7-11 yrs
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Logical thinking is
now possible but is very concrete in its applications.
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Now able to identify
and order objects in a variety of series (e.g., color, size, texture, etc.) a
child might be given the task of arranging books by some specific
classification.
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Formal Operational Stage
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Clip art provided by: Fotolia
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11+ yrs
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Objective thinking
becomes more functional and a child is able to think logically about
hypothetical situations.
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Able to manipulate
ideas in his or her mind, given the opportunity to plan a garden for a family
of four, a child may employ mathematical calculations, abstract reasoning,
and creativity to envision the results.
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